Designing Software Application for Visually Impaired Clients

Questions: 1.As a Software Developer, you are required to Develop Programs that can be promptly gotten to by a Wide scope of Clients.2.Discuss3 Ways in which you, Can utilize ICT to lessen your Carbon Footprint, and Contribute to Green ICT.3.Which of the Following are Projects, and which are Processes? Clarify your answer. (i)Building a Computer, on a Production Line of Identical Computers (ii)Building a House, as One of a Series of Identical houses all over Australia (iii)Upgrading a Computer from Windows 7 to Windows 10 (vi)Upgrading each of the 120 Computers from Windows 7 to Windows 10 Answers: Planning Software application for Visually Impaired Clients For planning the product application for Visually disabled people following contemplations are took as they can't control PCs through eyes- Utilizing the predictable and standard UI Elements This will assist the outwardly impeded people with using application effectively, this should be possible by utilizing the working framework provided controls, toolbars, menus, cursors and different components. The screen perusers are additionally applied for these sort of uses. Making a Flexible User Interface This should be possible by giving the difference, cursor squint, audio effects , contact control and different components to give the openness to the clients. Permitting the Full Keyboard Navigation This will assist these people groups with controlling the framework functionalities effectively, with this applications that are completely console driven with no or least pointing gadget prerequisite. Name all Icons and Graphics coherent through Braille This will assist these individuals with recognizing components without any problem. Give sufficient time and Sound Messages for help This will assist these people groups with working without any problem. Planning Software application for Hearing Impaired Clients So as to offer help the Hearing Impaired people groups by utilizing following advances By giving the Library of gesture based communication for the capacities and utilities of the application in the product. By giving this office to these individuals , these individuals can comprehend functionalities without any problem. By giving amplifier in the applications . This should be possible by giving the amplifier office to them as per their ability. By giving framework that vibrates on cautioning for any deficiency or any sort of message. This should be possible by interfacing gadgets to the framework. Above all giving more instant messages instead of any stable. These people groups will peruse and can work in better manner. 2.Green ICT is the idea of executing the registering or handling of Information innovation in a way with the goal that it is Environmental Friendly. The goals of this application is like green science. Truth be told the genuine level of moving the co2 by IT Department is 0.2% of complete co2 created in condition. The principle Equipments utilized in the IT are- Work areas and Laptops Printers , scanners , copier, projectors PDAs, work area telephones Remote interfacing gadgets Systems administration Devices Server farm and their gadgets The variables, that impact the earth in IT are as per the following- The manner by which the types of gear are fabricated. The conditions wherein they are made. What kind of transport is utilized to move them to different spots . How much vitality is devoured by them . The system of removal of these types of gear. The Green ICT is worried about after issues in worry of condition The types of gear are economically fabricated with condition inviting conditions. The types of gear ought to be built up that endures longer. The types of gear devour and squander less vitality. The IT types of gear ought to be utilized in the most ideal manner. The removal of the System ought to be done in condition inviting way. The Methods to decrease carbon impression are as per the following- By utilizing Systems with midway associated server farm . By utilizing Pen Drives, CDS and other computerized putting away gadgets to store information. By utilizing Email, Fax and other present day techniques to diminish paper work. 3.(i)It is a procedure as creation of PCs is a task, assembling a PC in this arrangement is a piece of this venture so this is a procedure of entire undertaking (ii).Again it is a procedure as a building up the arrangement of indistinguishable houses all over Australia is a venture and building a house is a procedure. (iii)This is an undertaking as it will comprise of different procedures in it. (vi)This is an undertaking as comprise of different procedures in it. References HCI Institute, Human Computer Interaction from- - www.hcii.cmu.edu (Accesed on 28-3-2017) Human PC Interaction, from-www.interaction-design(Accesed on 28-3-2017) Human PC connection, from-www.tandfonline.com (Accessed on 28-3-2017) Technopedia, what is HCI , From-www. technopedia.com (Accessed on 28-3-2017)

How to Write a Really Good Essay

How to Write a Really Good EssayHow to write a really good essay is a topic that gets debated time again. It seems like you can find an infinite number of people who are always trying to tell you what to do, when it comes to how to write a really good essay. That can be a little frustrating, because if you know exactly what you want your essay to be about, it can help narrow down the list of different topics that are out there for you to cover.The first thing you should do before you get started on how to write a really good essay is to set up your own criteria for what an 'excellent' essay should look like. You don't have to set up any specific standards or definitions for this, but you should come up with something on which you can base all of your writing for the semester. You should also be able to understand what's going to be required of you to move on in the course and what tasks are beyond your current abilities.Knowing the requirements for writing an excellent essay is the f irst step in understanding how to write a really good essay. You should then start thinking about what that means for each chapter of your essay.Once you've established your writing criteria, you'll want to figure out how to write the chapters. Of course, you don't have to read every single word of each chapter for every essay that you write. There are some things you may want to skim and some that you need to read.You should first skim each different chapter and identify the major points that are covered in the chapters. Once you've identified these points, you should be able to spend more time reading the passages that relate to those points. Then you should move on to the other parts of the essay.Now that you've established how to write a really good essay, it's time to really think about the different parts of it. Sometimes you need to skim a part of your essay and you may want to read more about it. When you've identified a chapter or a section that is worth reading, you should be able to turn around and read that portion of the essay.After you've understood how to write a really good essay, you will want to spend some time to think about how to go about formatting your paper. A format is used to determine how the paper is formatted for reading. There are many different formats, including the page layout you want to use, font styles, paragraphs, numbers, lists, and more. Once you know the format you want to use, you should be able to put together your essay quickly and easily.Knowing how to write a really good essay is definitely something you should consider when writing. Doing this will ensure that you get the best grades possible from your course. It's a good way to make sure that you're spending your time and effort in the most effective way possible.

Outbox, May 5th, 2017

Inbox/Outbox, May 5th, 2017 Since I work at a used bookstore, I ended up with more in my Inbox than my Outbox, an all too frequent occurrence, as my groaning bookshelves can attest to. But how can I resist? Inbox (Books Acquired) The Moon and the Other by John Kessel. A matriarchal utopia on the moon, on the brink of civil war, set in the near future. Um, of course I bought it! It’s also compared to two of my favorite dystopias: The Dispossessed by Ursula Le Guin and The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. I’m always on the hunt for excellent dystopias. I haven’t read Kessel before, but he’s won a ton of awards, and the premise for this one sounds amazing. Even though it’s only been out  for a month, I managed to grab a used copy. Hag-Seed by Margaret Atwood. Speaking of Margaret Atwood, her newest novel retells The Tempest by William Shakespeare. Felix, an artistic director, signs on to teach theatre in a prisonâ€"and he directs the prisoners in a production of The Tempest. I imagine this will have Atwood’s biting humor and her realism that pushes the boundaries of absurdity. At least I hope it does! I will probably be reading this soon, as a Goodreads book club I participate in is currently nominating novels around the theme of ‘magical Shakespeare,’ and I will definitely be voting for this one. Unicorn  by Angela Carter. So Angela Carter wrote poetry? Why did I not know this? I shelve the poetry section at work, and definitely made some excited noises when I saw this. In case you don’t know, Angela Carter’s fiction  often subverts fairy tales. Her most famous work  is The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories, which I love. Unicorn promises to be similar, with such poems as “Life-Affirming Poem About Small, Pregnant White Cat” and “Through the Looking Glass.” Unicorn also contains three essays at the end that examine Angela Carter’s work as a whole. Afterland by Mai Der Vang. This is a completely random buy. I opened the book, read a random poem, liked it, bought it. I know absolutely nothing about the author. Apparently, this is her first collection. The couple poems I perused  have hints of magical realism: “Violets are hatching volcanoes. /   Today’s bees have swallowed / The last milk of lanterns.” Mai Der Vang also won the Walt Whitman Award, so it’s probably good? We’ll see! Outbox (Books Finished) Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang. The movie Arrival is based on the title story, “Story of Your Life,” which is the best piece in this collection. Better than the movie. In most of these short stories, Ted Chiang combines hard science with complicated, questing characters. Not questing in the usual fantasy sense, but questing as in lonely souls trying to find meaning in the world while struggling with a scientific concept that changes everything. The stories are weakest when they rely too heavily on a scientific concept and lack the character and plot building to support the story. But there were only a few of those. Most were complex and interesting. Oh, and Ted Chiang describes his writing process for each story at the end. I wish every author included these in their short story collections! The Rise of the New Woman: The Womens Movement in America, 1875-1930 by Jean V. Matthews. I’m currently researching the suffrage movement for a writing in progress. This book  gives a broad introduction to the movement. I appreciate Jean Matthew’s attention to the disenfranchisement of black women in the movement while also highlighting important black women figures. The scope of the book is much broader than that, but every chapter highlighted black women to some extent, and in a movement that was often racist, addressing the accomplishments of POC was refreshing. Its also very readable. Music of the Ghosts by Vaddey Ratner. This is one melancholy book, as it would have to be. Almost 40 years have passed since the genocide of the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia. Teera, who escaped with her aunt to the U.S. as a child, returns to Cambodia as an adult, haunted by her past and struggling with grief after her aunts death. A man called The Old Musician claims to have several instruments of her fathers, and wants to return them. The novel weaves between their perspectives as both grapple with the past and  try to find hope and meaning in the present. While this is a melancholy novel, its not a hopeless one. In her afterward, Ratner says that if In the Shadow of the Banyan (her 1st novel set during the same time period) is a story of survival, then Music of the Ghosts  is a story of surviving. In the Queue (What Im Reading Next) Sealskin by Su Bristow. I love selkie legends, so when this popped up on Netgalley, I immediately requested it. It takes place in Scotland and the main character is a fisherman. I know nothing about the author, but the Goodreads blurb says her fiction is  like a cross between Angela Carter and Eowyn Ivey, which sounds too good to be true! It released May 1st, and I can’t wait to dive in. What does your inbox/outbox look like this week?

Essay On The Fire Escape In The Glass Menagerie - 817 Words

Topic 1 B People always want an escape from life’s hardships and burdens. Symbolism in literature can be used to magnify that yen to escape from life. Tennessee Williams uses a fire escape to show the longing people have to escape from their life. In the Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams believes that the fire escape represents an escape from Tom’s reality, responsibilities, and problems. The fire escape represents an opportunity to escape from Tom’s reality. The word fire represents the anger and pain in his life. The word escape literally represents an escape. So this device represents an escape from his reality. He has to deal with the anger and frustration of his mother not understanding him, and being treated poorly. Whenever he†¦show more content†¦She wants to make it clear to him that he needs to stay and provide for them in almost a selfish way. He is burdened with the financial security of his family, and the fire escape is his only way to escape from the harshness of his responsibilities. The fire escape represents Tom’s way to escape from the problems that he has with his mother and his life. Tom has many problems in his life that he has to deal with everyday such as his job and living with his mother. Tom argues with Amanda, â€Å"You think I want to spend fifty-five years down there in that celotex interior! with fluorescent tubes! Look! I’d rather somebody picked up a crowbar and battered out my brains†¦ † (759). Amanda is worried that Tom is jeopardizing his job, but Tom says he does not care.Tom absolutely hates working in that warehouse. He would rather have somebody batter out his brains with a crowbar than work in a warehouse. This is an example of one of his problems. He cannot even quit his job because then he would not be able to support his family. He is stuck with this job so he can provide for his family. â€Å"Tom smashes his glass on the floor. He plunges out on the fire-escape, slamm ing the door† (784). Tom leaves to the fire-escape after another one of his arguments that he has with his mother. He follows his father and leaves his family behind. He goes to the fire-escape because he believes that leaving will help him escape from his problems. He wants to walk away from everything and justShow MoreRelated Essay on the Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚   Tennessee Williams play, The Glass Menagerie, describes three separate characters, their dreams, and the harsh realities they face in a modern world.   The Glass Menagerie exposes the lost dreams of a southern family and their desperate struggle to escape reality. Williams use of symbols adds depth to the play. The glass menagerie itself is a symbol Williams uses to represent the broken lives of Amanda, Laura and Tom Wingfield andRead More Essay on the Use of Symbols, Tensions, and Irony in The Glass Menagerie891 Words   |  4 PagesTensions, and Irony in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams, is a perfect example of how Williams incorporates symbols, tensions, and irony to help express the central theme of the play.      Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most dominant symbols in the play is the fire escape.   It represents something different for each of the characters.   Tom uses the fire escape to escape from his cramped apartment and nagging mother.   Therefore, the fire escape symbolizes a path to theRead More Essay on The Glass Menagerie and the Life of Tennessee Williams957 Words   |  4 PagesThe Glass Menagerie and the Life of Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie closely parallels the life of the author. 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Essay Prompt: Do you prefer social drama, family drama, or alternative drama? Give an example of the genre you prefer and explain why that genre has contributed so much to twentieth and twenty-first century culture.                                                           Of   the   various   and   abundant Read MoreSymbolism In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams Essay1827 Words   |  8 PagesTennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, is a play that evokes great sympathy and in some cases, empathy for a protagonist who struggles to overcome two opposing forces; his responsibilities and his desires. There are many symbols and non-liner references that contribute to the development of characterization, dramatic tensions and the narrative. This essay will examine in detail, the aspects of the play that contribute to the development of the above mentioned elements. In Toms opening addressesRead MoreNon-Linear References/ Symbolism in the Glass Menagerie Essay example1863 Words   |  8 PagesTennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, is a play that evokes great sympathy and in some cases, empathy for a protagonist who struggles to overcome two opposing forces; his responsibilities and his desires. There are many symbols and non-liner references that contribute to the development of characterization, dramatic tensions and the narrative. This essay will examine in detail, the aspects of the play that contribute to the development of the above mentioned elements. 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The encyclopedia essay also indicates that some thinkers view humor as a form of play and that humor has â€Å"until recently has been treated as roughly co-extensive with laughter,† though the two are not really the same.7 Chesterton also distinguishes between laughter and humor

Healthy Diet and Regular Exercise can Improve your...

A fit, healthy lifestyle can improve your quality of life. In addition to looking and feeling better, getting fit can help you maintain a healthy weight, prevent injuries, boost your mental wellness, and reduce your risk of serious diseases, such as osteoporosis, certain cancers, and high blood pressure. In addition to eating healthy, getting fit requires regular exercise. This doesnt have to mean living in the gym and doing hours upon hours of exercise. With some clever scheduling, exercise can become part of your regular routine. Step 1 Reduce your weight at a rate of 1 to 2 pounds a week, if youre overweight and need to lose some weight. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, weight loss at this gradual†¦show more content†¦Start gradually; depending on your beginning fitness level, you might only be able to do 10 minutes of cardio a day. Slowly increase your duration as your physical fitness improves. If desired, split your workout into three, 10-minute sessions, or two, 15-minute sessions over the day. Step 5 Strengthen your large muscle groups --hips, chest, back, shoulders, arms, legs, and abdomen -- with targeted exercises on a minimum of two nonconsecutive days of the week, as suggested by the CDC. (See References 3) Strength training preserves and builds muscle tissue, which boosts your metabolism, increases bone density, improves your balance and stability, and reduces the symptoms of various diseases, such as osteoporosis and arthritis. (See References 4) Use machines, free weights, your body weight or exercise bands, and do exercises, such as bench presses, lunges, squats, lat pull-downs, crunches, and pushups. Step 6 Add variety to your workout routine. According to a study at the University of Florida, adding variety to your routine prevents boredom and can help you stick to your workout routine. (See References 5) Participate in group sports, take different exercise classes in the gym, exercise outside if you always workout indoors, and incorporate free weights if you always use machines. Step 7 Incorporate High-intensity interval training, orShow MoreRelatedThe Health Benefits of Exercise Essay826 Words   |  4 Pages Exercise is not just for Olympic athletes or supermodels. In fact, youre never too unfit, too young or too old to do it. Regardless of your age, gender or role in life, you can benefit from regular physical activity. If youre committed, exercise in combination with a sensible diet can help provide an overall sense of well-being and can even help prevent chronic illness, disability and premature death. Some of the benefits of increased activity are Improved HealthRead MoreThe Health Benefits Of Physical Activity988 Words   |  4 Pages There are many benefits of fitness which are hard to ignore and extend well beyond ones weight. Regular physical activity can help reduce risk for numerous ailments and health conditions and help to improve one’s overall quality of life. Enhanced physique often comes along with a good fitness schedule, keeping one motivated. Fitness is the condition of being physically fit and healthy, however becoming active, staying active or boosting your level of physical activity is difficult for some toRead MoreWhat It Means to Live An Active and Healthy Lifestyle1246 Words   |  5 PagesMeans To Live an Active and Healthy Lifestyle By James Smallhorn-West What does it mean to be active and healthy? Does it just mean that you have good health? Did you know that on average, only 13% of men are physically fit, but 69% of men believe that they are physically fit? It is very important to stay in shape. Living and active and healthy lifestyle is beneficial in many ways to not only yourself but to those around you. Being active and healthy does not have to be hard;Read MorePersuasive Essay on Living a Healthy Lifestyle1058 Words   |  4 Pagespeople adverse to physical activity, the need to raise awareness about healthy living has never been greater. For members of my generation, who are in their late thirties or early forties, there are many legitimate reasons to adopt a healthier lifestyle. Unlike most other activities in life, exercising, and eating nutritionally balanced diet present a positive choice with clear advantages and no drawbacks. When you are physically fit as an adult, the benefits also extend to your emotional well beingRe ad MoreWhy do you think it is important to set fitness goals for yourself and strive towards a high level1300 Words   |  6 Pagesto set fitness goals for yourself and strive towards a high level of personal fitness? --Fitness is beneficial for everyone in the long run. Doing fitness will decrease the chance of getting diseases, and it also helps us to build up our body, which is important to adolescents. Through fitness, we can sustain our body in a well-balanced condition by being both physically fit and healthy. 2. In what ways were you successful or unsuccessful in your program to increase your level of fitness? (PleaseRead MoreCampaign Strategies718 Words   |  3 PagesImproving Physical Fitness and Activity with Campaign Strategies This writer agrees that the strategies are effective in increasing physical activity. The Task Force conducted reviews of community intervention and recommended six interventions. Additionally, they recommend community-wide campaigns strategy to be effective in increasing physical activity and improving physical fitness among adults and children because it promotes a healthier lifestyle, it prevents life-threatening diseases, andRead MoreEssay on Exercise vs Dieting1959 Words   |  8 PagesSince the turn of the 19th century, exercise has been a major focal point for health gurus all around the world. The health benefits of regular exercise are known universally. Many of which will be explored later through out the paper. However, the early 60’s brought about a new era of personal fitness in a revolutionary way. It supposedly brought about an easier way to get into shape without killing yourself by constantly exercising or wasting time and money in the gym. This was o f course theRead MoreConsumption Of Processed And Convenience Foods And Our Dependence On Technology1119 Words   |  5 Pageson technology has led to an increase in obesity and reduction in the fitness level for children. This is concerning since obesity can cause a decrease toward life expectancy and result in other health conditions to occur. With the one million dollar grant I plan to use the money to donate to the Michael and Susan Dell Foundation, (also known as MSDF). Their main goal focuses to improve children’s health along with access to healthy opportunities and options. Children that are overweight are more likelyRead MoreWhat Is Health? : Is It A State Of Complete Physical, Mental And Social Work? Essay1870 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is Health? How do you define health? Is it a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being? Is it merely the absence of disease or infirmity? Or is health a resource for everyday life, rather than the objective of living; a positive concept, emphasising social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities? Good health is harder to define than bad health (which can be equated with the presence of disease), because it must convey a concept more positive than mere absenceRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Epidemic1099 Words   |  5 Pagesoverweight and obese. There are countless reasons as to why this epidemic has gained so much weight over the recent decades, often people say; it is an inherited tendency to put on pounds, lack of good nutrition and diets, or simply because we are too busy or too lazy to exercise. The truth is, physical activities and dietary behaviors of young Americans are influenced by many sectors of society. Including; the families and cultures we mature with, schools and communities we are a part of, the food and beverage

Admission to the MBA Program Free Essays

The European Union and the Government of China combined forces in 1994, to set up an internationally acclaimed Business School. It is the best in China and offers an MBA program that compares favorably with the best in the world. It has the unique distinction of being the only Asian institute to receive international rankings. We will write a custom essay sample on Admission to the MBA Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now This school is located in Shanghai and its faculty is the best in the field. Only the highly experienced and knowledgeable are appointed as teachers in this school. Its full time MBA program is excellent. Moreover, there is the added attraction of the comparatively low cost of living in Shanghai (CEIBS – China Europe International Business School, 2005). Globalization has changed the world and multinational corporations rule the roost. This has brought vast changes to the economies of the region. Further, in the Asian region, countries like China and India have proved to be vibrant economies. They are developing very fast and have proved far superior to the previous Asian tigers, who in the end had wound up as paper tigers. This is the economic situation that interests me immensely and which has possessed my imagination. The Chinese with their skilled and highly dedicated manpower are making a significant difference in the consumer industry and to a certain extent in computer software. They manufacture high quality fireworks, cell phones, television sets and other consumer electronic goods. Moreover, these goods are far cheaper than the goods manufactured in the developed countries. In order to penetrate into this scenario in an effective manner, it is essential to procure an international MBA degree. Such a degree is provided by the China Europe International Business School. Moreover, I want to enhance my contacts with international professionals in this field, in order to gain a mastery over the nuances that govern these economies. The future of economic development will be in the Asian region and I want to be actively involved in this growth. As a person belonging to this region, I will have the added advantage of being able to identify pockets of potential economic growth. This will make me very good at identifying investment opportunities. In addition, I would like to start an investment fund in Asia, which would cater to the needs of the American investors. I have quite a bit of experience in managing in the most difficult of situations. I was posted as a Non – Commissioned Officer in the Marine Corp. I used to head a thirteen man platoon of marines on daily patrols in Iraq. In addition, to completing my set mission with minimum loss to my platoon, I also used to play the role of the platoon translator, due to my knowledge of Arabic, and I used to liaison with the Iraqis. This stint in the army, under the most adverse of conditions, made me an expert in managing situations, where most of the mistakes had a fatal outcome. This taught me to work without committing mistakes. Prior to my tenure in the army, I had worked with the Central Intelligence Agency. In addition, I have a BBA in finance from the University of Texas at Austin. Moreover, I am an acknowledged authority in dispute advisory services, complex data management, claims management and bankruptcy. Financial modeling is not only complex but also fascinating; I had the opportunity to create an invaluable tool for a billion dollar insurance entity. This tool was instrumental in analyzing policies in the tens of thousands, in order to establish the adequacy of the amount of premium being charged. Another area of my expertise is in the application of Oracle to finance and accounting. In this endeavor, I developed reporting functions for a telecom company, whose turnover was in billions. This company’s offline production database was developed by me. Moreover, I was actively involved in the preparation of a number of crucial reports for the management of that company. In another instance, I used my skill with databases to develop a very useful database for a health insurance company. In this project I used Oracle as well Access. I am very well up in financial consulting and had assisted a multinational banking corporation. In addition to my proficiency with Arabic I am also very well up with Mandarin Chinese. This is just a sampling of my numerous achievements and it goes without saying that I possess quite a bit of practical knowledge regarding management and business administration. It is my heartfelt desire to enhance my practical knowledge in these subjects with exemplary theoretical knowledge and an MBA from the China Europe International Business School would be extremely useful in this regard. References CEIBS – China Europe International Business School. (2005). Retrieved January 29, 2008, from hobsons MBA How to cite Admission to the MBA Program, Essays

Comparing the Last Song and Dear John free essay sample

Comparing Movies The last 2 movies I saw were The Last Song and Dear John. Considering both of these movies are sappy Nicholas Sparks books, they have a ton of similarities. They also have some differences. I saw both of these movies more than 4 months ago so I hope I can even remember enough to compare them. One similarity is about 2 people that meet in a beach setting. In The Last Song, Ronnie, who is played by Miley Cyrus and is the main character, is shipped to her fathers house in Tybee Beach, Georgia, with her mothers hopes of her losing her bad attitude due to her arents rough divorce. While she is staying there, she meets a boy named Will who she tries to repel, but she ends up falling for him. In Dear John, which is also set in North Carolina, John, who is played by Channing Tatum, is visiting his father before he goes off to the army and Savannah, who is played by Amanda Seyfried, is going to school in North Carolina spends a month in Wilmington to built a house for Habitat for Humanity. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing the Last Song and Dear John or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These two also meet on the beach and fall in love. Another similarity is that death happens in both of these plots. In The Last Song, Ronnies dad had been aced with a battle with cancer and in the end of the story, he lost it. Leaving behind an ex wife, a changed-for-the-better daughter, and a young, very sensitive son. In Dear John, Johns dad had been suffering from having many heart attacks and eventually died. One last similarity is how the couples in both movies fall in love over a short period of time. In The Last Song, Ronnie tries to resist Will but she falls for him anyway over about a 2 week period. In Dear John, Savannah and John meet when Savannahs purse falls into the water and John goes to retrieve it. There were sparks there from the start. They also fell in love over a 2 week period. One of the most famous lines in that movie is said by Savannah and sounds like, Two weeks together, thats all it took. Two weeks for me to fall for you. There are also many differences in these movies. One, is that in The Last Song, Ronnie and Will end up together but in Dear John, Savannah marries a man who is dying and John sells his fathers prized coin collection to get money for his treatment but Savannah still loves John as much as she did. Another difference is in Dear John, the guy in the relationship goes away and leaves the girl. That doesnt happen in The Last Song ecause Will stays around and continues to date Ronnie. One last difference between these two movies is that the girls in both plots feel completely different towards the guys in the beginning. In Dear John, it was basically love at first sight. Savannah was attracted to John from the start. In The Last Song, Ronnie didnt like Will and tried to stay away from him. Both of these movies were based on books written by the same author so it was rather easy to find similarities. The plots of these movies are different but also have some of the same aspects. Comparing the Last Song and Dear John By lucilleparr

Polluter Corp. free essay sample

Polluter Corp. Polluter Corp. is a company that operates three manufacturing facilities and produces household cleaning products in the United States. The U.S. government grants this company with emission allowances (EAs) that can be used during 2010 to 2030. According to The Federal Energy Regulatory Commissions (FERC), Polluter Corporation records emission allowances as elusive assets with a cost basis of zero. The fiscal year is December 31. To control and decrease the release of pollutants, the government issue EAs to individuals to send out a particular stage of pollutions. Each entity EA has a period year label. Each individual can freely anticipate in choosing who they want to sell the EAs or from whom they want to buy them. However, these transactions happen through a broker. At the end of an acquiescence period, each individual have to deliver EAs to balance the individual’s actual production or to pay the fine to the governing bodies. We will write a custom essay sample on Polluter Corp. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In order to reduce the quantity of greenhouse gas released, Polluter corp. is planning to update its services in 2014 with a cost of $15 million. However, this corporation will have need of emission allowances further than the owned amount. As a result, in April 2, 2010 Polluter Corp. purchased EAs for $3 million from Clean Air Corp. On the other hand, in preparation of the facility, it sold EAs of 2016 for $2 million to Dirty Chemical Corp. Required: 1) Purchase of EAs: The appropriate classification in the statement of Cash Flow in the Polluter Corporations December 31, 2010, for its purchase from Clean Air Corp as an Investing Cash Flow as in the balance sheet the company considers the EAs as elusive assets. Elusive assets are distinct in ASC 350-10-20 as assets and not included in financial assets. The EAs is granted to the Polluter Corporation from government that certainly considers as elusive assets by the Corporation. ASC 230-10-20 indicates that Investing activities include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets, that is, assets held for or used in the production of goods or services by the entity (other than materials that are part of the entitys inventory). Investing activities exclude acquiring and disposing of certain loans or other debt or equity instruments that are acquired  specifically for resale, as discussed in paragraphs 230-10-45-12 and 230-10-45-21. By this I conclude that purchases of additional EAs by Polluter Corporation are treated as productive assets under the elusive assets. In fact, purchasing EAs should be classifying as investing as Polluter purchase EAs for future sale and also supporting the manufacturing. As a result, I conclude that the cash outflow to purchase the EAs is an investing activity. 2) Sale of EAs: Sales of EAs Polluter Corp. may classify the sale of EAs to Dirty Chemical Corp. as an investing cash inflow given the Company’s election to classify the EAs as an intangible asset on its balance sheet. According to ASC 230-20-45-12, which states, in part: All of the following are cash inflows from investing activities: c. Receipts from sales of property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets. As mentioned before, the EAs are treated as productive assets since they support the production of goods. Therefore, it is reasonable that the sales of the excess EAs will result in an investing inflow. Alternative 2: Inventory Model Polluter Corp. may also classify the sale of EAs to Dirty Chemical Corp. as an operating cash inflow because the EAs are consumed in the production of household cleaning products. Similar to the discussion above related to the purchase of EAs, the EAs represent operating activities as they are used in producing and delivering goods. Furthermore, if the EAs were recorded as inventory in the Company’s balance sheet under the inventory model, selling of the excess inventory will automatically result in an operating cash inflow. Classification under IFRS The latest regulation of how to deal with the emission activity is the IFRIC 3 Emission Right that is issued by IASB in December 2004. Therefore, until definitive guidance on accounting for emission schemes is issued, an entity applying IFRS has the option of either: Applying the principles of IFRIC 3; or developing its own accounting policy based on the hierarchy of authoritative guidance in IAS 8 Accounting policies, Changes in Accounting  Estimates and Errors. There are several approaches to deal with emission rights with different impacts on net income and financial position of the entity. The main treatments are The IFRIC 3 approach, Net liability approach, and Government grants approach. They are different in the aspects of revenue recognition, record basis, and liability recognition. However, all approaches have a common feature that the EAs are only intangible assets to be accounted for under IAS 38. Under IFRS, activities related to purchase/sales of intangible assets result in investing activities. The reasons are similar to the reasons under U.S. GAAP. Therefore, even though there are several treatments to deal with the EAs, the purchase of additional EAs and the sale of excess EAs by Polluter Corp are all classified as investing activities. Classification under U.S. GAAP The FASB staff indicated that EAs are finite-lived intangible assets based on expected use by the reporting entity. At present, the Company also records the current EAs as intangible assets. However, the SEC staff recently advised the accounting firms that it would not object an inventory model. Based on the SEC views, we are going to discuss the cash flow classifications under both intangible asset and inventory models. Conclusion Based on the above discussion, the classification of the EAs purchase/sale cash flow activities are mostly subjected to how the EAs are recorded on the Company’s balance sheet. Under U.S. GAAP, we believe Polluter Corp. can classify the activities as either investing cash flow or operating cash flow activities as long as it is consistent with the classification of the EAs in the Company’s balance sheet. Under IFRS, the Polluter Corp. can only classify the activities as investing cash flow because the EAs may only be recorded as intangible assets if the Company applies the IFRIC 3 approach. However, since the IFRIC 3 approach is not strictly required to each company, Polluter Corp. can still apply inventory/intangible assets models as it refers to the U.S. GAAP.

logical culture essays

logical culture essays Do culture and individual beliefs affect logical thinking? If so, how do they influence the conclusions we reach? The first question that must be asked before answering this question is: What exactly is logical thinking? Logical thinking is the process in which one uses reasoning consistently to come to a conclusion. If this definition is strictly followed, logical thinking cannot be affected by any outside influences as long as the premises are truly valid. For example the syllogism: is truly logical because the major premise is true. In a more 'general world' however, we refer to logical thinking as simply deducing a reasonable explanation or conclusion from what is already and personally known. What is personally known is often fallacious because of stereotypes, cultural taboos, and/or prejudices. Because of this, the premises used in reasoning are not always truly valid but are accepted as valid. This is what influences the conclusions that are reached; the premises which have been 'jaded' by culture and individual beliefs. There are many aspects to culture and all of them affect what is personally known and the way one makes decisions. These are mainly language, background (history), race, religion, individual beliefs, and even geography. Individual beliefs are an aspect of culture which are defined as being opinions and convictions. These are normally based on the other aspects of culture mentioned. For example a person who is a Unitarian would most likely have different beliefs about the roles of women in society than someone who is Evangelical. In this example, the individual belief concerning women was based on the code developed by the particular religion. Although religion is a very strong force in our society today, beliefs are also cultivated trough family, education, peers, and in many cases can be developed depending on the area and time period that a person lives in. (For example, my grandfather was greatly af...

Develop a marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Develop a marketing plan - Assignment Example The company also expects to reach more consumers as well as tremendously diverse ideas via social media. Going online is a part of their mission to shift from traditional marketing into digital realm. Nike is American multinational organization that was started in 1957 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight. The company designs, develops, manufactures, marketing and sells goods and services such as footwear, equipment, apparel and accessories all over the world. Twenty years down the line, Nike has joined the top companies in the footwear market. This was not as a result on TV advertisement but from positive appraisals by athletes they sponsor (Cendrowski, n.pg). For instance, the company made approximately 919.80 million dollars after Olympic players was seen wearing Nike in 1984 Olympics. The company’s mission is to innovate and inspire athletes in the world every day. Besides maximizing its profits the company also focuses on establishing environments that offer a platform for consumers to contribute into the company. Moreover, the company wants to build strong emotional ties with its consumers. The company’s target market is an active online 17-year-old user who is likely to spend 20% more to buy shoes in comparison to his adult counterparts. This is based on the fact that a significant population of young men has given up television to online communities. The company also targets over 5 million runners and other athletes to use their digital devices in determining their performance (Cendrowski, n.pg). Product strategy: currently Nike offers several apparel, equipment and accessories online such as the Nike+ running sensor, a performance-tracking tool. Nike+ running sensor has enabled over 5 million runners to check their performances. The company plans to include its new sport device, fuel band, which is able to track the energy output of its users (Cendrowski, n.pg). Price strategy: the current prices are either influenced by

What is the relationship between tuberculosis and poverty in the uk Essay

What is the relationship between tuberculosis and poverty in the uk - Essay Example risk of developing tuberculosis include age, gender, ethnicity, genetic factors, body build, pregnancy, lifestyle (occupation, poverty, diet, smoking, drinking alcohol, drug abuse, place of residence), specific protection (BCG vaccine), medical factors like the presence of HIV AIDs or certain types of cancers, or undergoing treatments like haemodialysis or Immunosuppressive treatment. (Davies, 2005). There are strong indications that susceptibility to both the infection and the disease of tuberculosis is dependent on a variety of factors. The current research is aimed towards finding direct and indirect linkages between poverty and tuberculosis. The indirect links between poverty and TB can be analyzed from the positive correlation of factors like ethnicity, the presence of HIV AIDs, lifestyle, both with the rates of incidences of tuberculosis and with the presence of poverty. For presenting evidence on poverty affecting the rate of tuberculosis more directly, there have been several studies that have quoted poverty as a major factor in the cause of the disease. This paper hopes to carry out an exhaustive literature survey by an intelligent analysis and presentation of the interpretations and findings of an exhaustive list of available resources. By doing this, it is hoped to establish how poverty is related to tuberculosis in the United Kingdom. The primary objective of the present study is to discover if poverty does indeed influence the incidence of tuberculosis in the UK. In addition, this paper also aims to explore and present revealing insights about various possible factors that lead to the infection and disease of TB. This is done so as to find if these others factors are in anyway related to poverty, thus making poverty a major risk factor for TB. It is important to explain the methodology that was adopted and the consequent methods that were employed, and also the reasons for using them. The following pages will help to elaborate upon the above so

Foucaults Theory Of Power

Foucaults Theory Of Power The entire work of Michael Foucault is one of the most important and innovative theoretical productions of the 20th century. It has been characterized as complex, daring and often in conflict with the prevailing views of his time whereas it still rises, over twenty years after his death, many debates and controversies in the fields of philosophy and political theory (Zdoukou 2007). Hence, the theoretical framework of this research is based on his work. The piece of work that I analyze in this thesis is the theory of power. Drawing on this notion, I will investigate the implementation of the screening programmes not only as a quest for their necessity in order to reduce the cervical cancer incidence rates but also as a process of working on the self. Thus personal responsibility is created that deploys the discourse on self-care (Heyes 2006). In order to people adopt the personal responsibility, health education and promotion is essential. According to Foucault, power is developed around a principal axis which can be described as the analysis of objectification, forms of knowledge and power relations through which people in western societies become subjects and objects of knowledge and power. Starting from his book Discipline and punish, Foucault studies the disciplinary power and how the perception of imprisonment, for example in the Panopticon, under the disciplinary society has been established in the modern society. In the same book he proceeds to the most radical use of the concept of the body in which disciplinary power is instituted not only to control them but also to make them productive themselves. Through the continuous surveillance, the detailed collection, recording and classification of behaviors and tendencies a new subject established, the inmate. The inmate under the surveillance system is induced to watch over himself because he is offered the illusion that he is monitored. Thus in the theory of power, discipline and surveillance take place through the screening programmes which reflect the governance of the self and create subjected and practiced bodies. Contrary to anatomo-politics of the human body which was created in the 18th century, Foucault goes into a criticism and deals with the notion of bio-politics which isnt concentrated on the individual bodies, but on the management of the populations. Hence, the sum of these docile bodies in the society establishes the management of the popul ation (bio-politics) (Broer 2012). Thus, Foucault theory of power has set a main question that this research will investigate: what are the factors that influence the female populations decision on receiving the screening tests and ultimately become docile bodies? The development of the National Health Systems in the UK and Greece National Health Service (NHS) The United Kingdom is a sovereign state located in the north-west Europe. It includes the island of Great Britain, a north-east part of Iceland as well as smaller islands and it covers a population of almost 62.5 millions of people (Chang, et al. 2011) (Currie and Guah 2007). The UK provides a national health service to all permanent residents about 58 millions of people- which is free at the point of need and is paid out of general taxation (Chang, et al. 2011) (Gorsky 2008). The national health system of the UK is the main representative of the national health systems worldwide. It belongs to the Beveridge model whose main characteristics are the increased state intervention and state funding of health services (Yfantopoylos 2005). NHS is the first completed health system which provided universal and free healthcare for all, based on the principles of social solidarity and equal access to healthcare services (Yfantopoylos 2005). Initially until 1900, the UK didnt provide a social insurance system. Any social insurance, in the sense of the protection of the population, was offered by the church. Healthcare was available only to the wealthy and those who could seek treatment through charity or teaching hospitals (Chang, et al. 2011). Because of the fact that the national funding in the health sector was lacking, the hospitals were in poor financial conditions (Shortell and Gibson 1971). During the Second World War, a public health system was designed that aimed to offer services covering the whole population and its services were financed by central taxation (Chang, et al. 2011). In 1942 the Beveridge report was vital for a health system that protects the population against social dangers such as unemployment and sickness (Yfantopoylos 2005). Ultimately, the Beveridge report was the first step towards a national health service that protects the whole population. In 1948 the National Health System (NHS) was cre ated by the Labour government following the Beveridge review (Currie and Guah 2007) and implementing the 1946 NHS Act regulation (Yfantopoylos 2005). Since its inception the most challenging and notable change the NHS brought was that the health system was split into three services; the hospital services, the primary care and community services (Chang, et al. 2011). After the creation of the NHS all hospitals were under the government ownership. An additional hospital management structure of regional hospital boards and hospital management committees was designed to support the hospital services. The national health system upgraded the role of the General Practitioners (GPs) who were administered separately (Gorsky 2008) and served as gatekeepers of the primary care directing the patients to the different levels of healthcare (Yfantopoylos 2005). The primary care consists of dental, pharmaceutical and ophthalmic services and was organized by executive councils. Maternity, child health, midwifery, health visiting, home nursing and other post hospital services were administered by local health authorities (Shortell and Gibson 1971). The main purpose of this NHS structure was to provide a comprehensive, universal and free healthcare (Gorsky 2008) at the point of need focusing on the equity in the access to healthcare services. Currently, the UK still has a state-sponsored healthcare system called NHS in which belong the National Health Service (England), NHS Scotland, NHS Wales and Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland (Chang, et al. 2011). The government funding covers the 85% of the healthcare expenditure while the remaining 15% is covered by the growing private sector (Chang, et al. 2011). The NHS organization is highly institutionalized and complex system. It consists of parliament, a secretary of state for health, other non-NHS organizations and strategic health authorities. Under these health authorities reside the NHS trusts, foundation trusts, primary care trusts and care trusts (Currie and Guah 2007) whereas NICE, an independent organization, is responsible for monitoring and reporting its performance to the parliament (Yfantopoylos 2005) (Currie and Guah 2007). As an institutionalized environment, UK has created a public sector with universal and free healthcare coverage at the point of need. Additionally, what has developed is a public sector ethos which is enriched by the value of serving the public (Currie and Guah 2007). Health professionals have set this value above any finance and cost-effectiveness issues whereas treatment is provided according to medical need irrespective of ability to pay (Currie and Guah 2007). This is the reason why the NHS has been proved to be the most efficient healthcare system in terms of quality, equity and access to healthcare among industrialized countries (Chang, et al. 2011). Within this framework, the NHS has developed various policies and institutionalized mechanisms for the best performance of the organization. One area has been in the implementation of cervical cancer screening strategies. Table 1: Current NHS Structure, July 2010 (youngfoundation.org) Greek Healthcare system (ESY) Alike the UK, Greece provides a national health system since 1983 which guarantees universal coverage and equity in access to healthcare services to 10 million legal residents (iefimerifa.gr, 2012) (statistics.gr, 2011) irrespective of any professional or regional conditions. In addition to the Greek population, healthcare is offered to all European and non European citizens based on multilateral and bilateral agreements (Saitakis and Papamichail 2005). The process that Greece followed in order to establish a universal healthcare system strongly resembles the one the UK developed several years before. Since the establishment of the Greek State there has been a great attempt to create a welfare state and organize the public health services in Greece. However, as in the UK, until 1900, only 10% of the Greek population, namely the wealthiest was offered healthcare coverage. With the introduction of the Ministry of Hygiene and Social Welfare in 1922 the level of care provided by the public hospitals was considered equally advanced, compared with other healthcare systems in Europe (WHO 1996). At that time, due to changes in the political arena, the refugees wave coming from Turkey stressed the need to create organized health authorities in order to meet the various health problems that occurred. In 1953 the first serious move was made by the government to establish an integrated and decentralized healthcare system (Katsikari 2011) creati ng health regions and councils in order to provide specialized and advanced health opinions based on morbidity (WHO 1996). Twenty years later and having been through a hard political period of dictatorship, Greece was flourished in all areas and the healthcare system was one of them. New social objectives were re-defined and new policies were implemented which intended to improve the health services, to reduce the inequalities in the access to healthcare and reallocate the limited resources in favor of the poor (Yfantopoulos 2001). It was in 1983 when the government passed legislation for the implementation of a National Health Service (ESY) which is the fundamental law of the National Healthcare System (Makaronis, et al. 2010). This legislation is still characterized as a major reform achievement for the reconstruction of the health system. However, its implementation didnt bring any changes in the management of the healthcare sector to ensure its effectiveness. This reform was bas ed on the principle that health is a social good which has to be provided by the State to the whole population regardless of social or economic conditions (Katsikari 2011). Other basic principles of this reform included the equity in the delivery of the healthcare services, the decentralization of the health services, the importance of the primary care creating a system of referral, social security, and the mix of public-private services (Katsikari 2011). The health policy in Greece was developed steadily over time and it was influenced but the trends of society, the human values, medicine and economy without plans and goals. Only after the Second World War did the organizing of the health authorities became essential in developed countries with a significant millstone the introduction of the National Health Service in the UK (Katsikari 2011). Currently, the welfare state in Greece is characterized as the combination of a social security system (Bismarck model) and a National Health Service system (Beveridge model) where everybody is entitled to the same healthcare treatment (Rovithis 2006). It is highly centralized and fragmented in which all the decisions are made from the central administration whereas the regional health authorities have limited power on resources and control (Rovithis 2006). Today, alongside the ESY, there is an equally powerful private sector where the biggest part of the health expenditure is concentrated (Vard aros 2008). The Regional Authorities were developed as in the UK. In order to give greater responsibility to regions, Greek primary care is provided within the Regional Health Authorities (PESY) by the outpatient section of rural centers and hospitals, polyclinics and also specialists (Saitakis and Papamichail 2005) and covers services concerning the prevention and diagnosis of a disease. The secondary care is offered either by public or private hospitals of by social insurance funds hospitals and covers services for inpatient treatment under the supervision of the Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity (Yfantopoulos 2001). Even though the last 15 years Greece has taken some measures, the health policy still had certain problems. These problems were concentrated on the funding and the effectiveness of the health services within the ESY, the numerous sickness funds, the regional inequalities in the health services and the internal mismanagement of the public hospitals. These problems were managed by the highly centralized Ministry of health (Katsikari 2011). Contrary to the UK, Greece lacks of an institutional body that is responsible for monitoring the quality control of the health system as well as to provide national economic guidance based on the cost effectiveness principle such as the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK (Rovithis 2006). So, it isnt surprising that Greece is among the high spenders on healthcare, spending 9% of the GDP for a doubtful quality of the healthcare services (Katsikari 2011). For that reason, the IMF implemented in 2011 austerity measures. The health care system in Greece has undergone major changes in order to reduce the health expenditure and improve the quality. Specifically, since January 2012 the 39 sickness funds which existed until recently have been replaced by the National Organization of Health Services (EOPYY). This organization incorporates 4 of the biggest sickness funds covering the 85% of the total population. The fact that these changes are still ongoing, doesnt give any space to assess the effectiveness of the new healthcare system. The idea of bio-power In order to understand the power relations between the State and individuals, it is essential to investigate the conception of power by Michael Foucault. His perspective changes somewhere between his early work on institutions, that is the history of madness and the birth of the clinic, and his later work on sexuality and governmentality (College of Liberal Arts 2002). However the concept of power, that his work introduced, has set new dimensions to understand modern society. His genealogy of power challenges the assumption that it is a negative, repressive force that operates purely by law and practices of violence (A. Armstrong 2005) claiming that it turns the bodies into a useful and productive workforce. Power shouldnt be considered as a phenomenon of compact domination of a group or a class over another because he strongly believes that power is something that is exercised though an organization working as a chain and it permeates every class of the society either individually o r the population as a whole (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005). The shift from the pre-modern to the modern forms of society involves the displacement of the sovereign power by the bio-power. Sovereign power was centralized and coordinated by a sovereign authority who exercised absolute control over the population (A. Armstrong 2005). Namely the body was central to the power upon which a detailed coercion is exercised. Anyone who challenged the monarchs authority triggered his wrath and this took the shape of spectacular public torture satisfying the masses (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005). It was the 17th century when a profound transformation in terms of mechanisms of power has undergone in the West. As the growth and care of the population became the primary concern of each state (A. Armstrong 2005), the sovereign authority wasnt sufficient anymore to control the ever-growing population (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005) and the bio-power emerged focusing on the management of life. It was the moment where an art of the human body was born that mak es it more obedient and useful. The violent sovereign power had been replaced by the bio-power which was invested not only in the bodies of the population (Aroni 2008) but also in the soul. This type of power isnt a matter of life but essentially a matter of living where the bodies are regulated, trained, maintained and understood (Nettleton 2006). Instead of being exercised by means of violence celebrating death, bio-power focuses on the birth of life of individuals and populations (Ojakangas 2005) (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005). The bio-power concept that Michael Foucault developed is determined as a positive power over people lives which manages, multiplies, and exerts specific control and regularities to the population (Mitrossili 2008) and particularly discipline the human life, death, work, sadness or happiness of the person, mental health, sexual practices and family life (A. Armstrong 2005). So the West entered the era of biopolitics. Its the same period that Foucault goes into a criticism and attaches to bio-power a double meaning; the anatomo-politics (Mitrossili 2008), or as Foucault labels it disciplinary power (A. Armstrong 2005) a form of power that addresses individuals, and bio-politics which concerns the population management (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005). These two poles complement each other (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005). Therefore, within the modern disciplinary society, social control can be achieved by means of strategies of normalization or strategies which produce self-regulated, normalized individuals (A. Armstrong 2005). The notion of the disciplinary power becomes clearer in his later work on the history of sexuality, where the notion of the body is central as a field to exercise power in Western countries. In the beginning of the industrialization in the 17th century, the human body had to become available and functional for the capitalism and the paid work. The impoverished, illiterate and unhealthy populations should consist of significant importance as valuable workforce for the governments. The latter created such a population policy to adapt the populations to the capital requirements (Bartky 2007). So they had to discipline in the workplace for the steadily growing production and they had to comply with the minimum standards of hygiene to avoid epidemics. In order to achieve the aforementioned, they should have stable family life. Birth rates, marriage age and sexual maturation suddenly were under strict control and bio-power was a response of that disorganized mass of individuals (Perron, Fl uet and Holmes 2005). Within this concept, the importance of sexuality is displayed in Foucaults work because on the one hand sexuality is related to body maintenance and on the other hand is related to the management of the populations (Aroni 2008). The spread of bio-power is intimately connected to the social science discourses on sex and sexuality on the grounds that these discourses tended to understand sex as an instinctual and biological process. This process has deep links to identity and thus potential effects on the sexual or social behavior of individuals (A. Armstrong 2005). Through a historical research in various communities, Foucault concludes that the conception of sexuality is considered a main expression of the disciplinary power which is central in the modern society. Power, through its directing and normalizing nature, is an instrument of control whereas surveillance and discipline procedures characterize the discourse on the care of the individuals. The establish ment of the health disciplinary technology prepares the individuals for the bio-politics in modern society because the manipulation of individuals through specific practices such as diet and exercise, make the person responsible for maintaining the fitness of his body (discipline of the body) and consequently the bodies of the population (bio-politics) are controlled. Thus according to Sara Lee Bartky, sexuality operates as connecting link between the discipline of the body and the population management (Bartky 2007). As long as individuals are responsible for maintaining and controlling their bodies, new fields of knowledge are created (Aroni 2008). Surveillance and control concepts, adopt a new meaning because individuals will set their own practices such as exercise and healthy nutrition with greater discipline. While the perceptions on the human body changed in the 20th century, their willingness to be controlled towards a proper functioning is the most important feature of the development of a public policy concentrated on health and life. So, the body becomes the objective and the target of the power. The easiest way to grasp the notion of the disciplinary power is to consider what Foucault studies in the discipline and punish. In this work he examines this new mode of surveillance which is best illustrated by Jeremy Benthams Panopticon (D. Armstrong 1983). The Panopticon enables the simultaneous monitoring and observation, certainty, knowledge and individualization. Specifically it was a building designed for complete, constant and anonymous surveillance of its subjects. It was arranged as a ring at the center of which was a tower. The peripheral building was divided into cells. Each cell had two windows, one allowing light to fall on the inmate and another one which allowed a guard to c ontrol the actions of the inmates, like so many cages, so many small theatres in which each actor is alone, perfectly individualized and constantly visible (D. Armstrong 1983). The central tower was equipped with large windows looking at the inner side of the peripheral ring (Foucault 1989). Visibility was a trap. In this model, inmates dont interact with each other and they constantly confronted with the panoptic power (Foucault 1989). Consequently, the design of the Panopticon was such that the guard had total surveillance of the inmates actions. Under this surveillance, never knowing if or by whom one is being observed, the inmates were induced to watch over themselves (Nettleton 2006) and they were trained to resist any impulse of misbehavior for fear of being caught. Indeed, the inmates are offered the illusion that they are permanently monitored. Seen through the lens of the disciplinary power, the Panopticon serves as an architectural model which successfully shows that the enforcement of rules has shifted from the spectacle of the power of violence enacted upon the body of the subjects, to the power of discipline coded into the soul of the prisoners, under the gaze of the Panopticon, focusing not on the punishment of the biological but on the social body (Bartky 2007). This way, the subject becomes the object of knowledge that can be studied and individualized through collecting information about all those prisoners that are contained in it (Nettleton 2006). Ultimately, the Panopticon creates a state where people police themselves unconsciously. Indeed, Benthams goal was to create an architectural idea that, ultimately, could function, on its own (College of Liberal Arts 2002). In this stunning critique of the modern society, Michel Foucault highlighted the way constant surveillance isnt only directed to control the human body, but also to discipline the mind and soul to produce the self-awareness state that the modern society requires (A. Armstrong 2005). These disciplinary practices subject the human body into continuous and constant surveillance and examination aiming to optimize the bodys capabilities, productivity and skills and to foster its usefulness and docility (A. Armstrong 2005): What was then being formed was a policy of coercions that act on the body, a calculated manipulation of its elements, its gestures, its behavior, the human body was entering a machinery of power that explores it, breaks it down and rearranges ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Thus discipline produces subjected and practiced bodies, docile bodies (Foucault 1989). The aforementioned complex surveillance and discipline system aims to create a type of person which urban society needs. That is the creation of a human being obedient, occupied by the feeling of being guilty and adaptable to all modern tactics. Thus, the body turns into central, transformed and improved by different techniques which monitored and analyzed it. This different way of seeing the body is the outcome of surveillance. Screening programmes as an instrument of biopower Since 2003 the European Council has adopted various guidelines according to which cervical cancer should be screened on population based, quality assured, organized screening tests (Anttila, et al. 2009) to achieve greater participation. These recommendations were supported by clinical trial evidence that through organized cytology the mortality rates could be reduced importantly. (Arbyn, et al. 2007) Additional recommendations describe extensively the organization and implementation of the screening tests, recommended screening age groups and screening intervals as well as policies on monitoring and evaluating the screening programmes (Anttila, et al. 2009) (Nicula, et al. 2009). The Pap test, or cytology, is the best known, most reliable and efficient test of secondary prevention (ACCP 2004) to decrease the incidence and the mortality rates by cervical cancer, highly recommended by the EU (Anttila, et al. 2009). Nevertheless, non-organized programmes have also contributed in the de creasing of the mortality and the incidence, but not to the same magnitude. Until the early 60s, few people had heard of cervical cancer in the UK as a public concern and women were screened very rarely. In particular, they were screened only when they visited their GP, or attended obstetric or family planning clinics. This opportunistic screening led to inefficient focus on young women (Peto, et al. 2004) and women at higher risk (Eardley, et al. 1985). Although cervical cancer screening expanded steadily since 1967 at no cost, it failed to achieve high coverage rates and sufficient follow-up of women. Especially after a media storm when a woman having never received her abnormal screening results, died by cervical cancer, the opportunistic screening was overhauled (Raffle 2007). The constantly rising incidence and mortality rates in young cohorts (Arbyn, et al. 2009), boosted the NHS in 1988 to provide organized national programme for cervical cancer prevention (Bastos, et al. 2010). Eventually, it introduced the call and recall system. Since then, screeni ng tests have reduced the average cervical cancer incidence by 33% in the period 1991-1993 and 1998-2000 (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006). Using a National Health System list, women of 25-65 years old (Foley, et al. 2011) received a personal invitation in order to be offered free regular Pap smear testing, HPV testing or liquid based cytology by GPs or nurses (Linos and Riza 2000) to detect and treat cervical abnormalities. Even though screening tests were administered nationally, the personal invitations were managed regionally. (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006). This -call and recall-system was organized by local authorities, the Primary Care Trusts. These authorities were responsible for reminding the eligible women of the region by personal invitations their regular screening test (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006) with a recommended interval from 3 to 5 years, depending on the womans age (Bunn 2008)(Cancer Research UK, 2012) and the regional authority (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006). In order to ensure high participation of women in the screening tests, in 1990 a system of payments for the GPs was launched, according to wh ich, the payment was received only if women have been screened in the previous 5 years (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006). This system demonstrated high participation levels where almost 80% of eligible women had been screened in the last years (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006). The screening coverage rose from 42% in 1988 to 85%, 6 years later (Arbyn, et al. 2009) and the overall incidence of cervical cancer in the female population of 20-29 years old shows that it has declined significantly from the onset of the organized screening tests up until 1991 (Foley, et al. 2011). For that reason, the UK still applies this call and recall system in a target population of 14 million of women (Linos and Riza 2000) aged 25-64 years old (in Scotland from age 20) (Bunn 2008). Besides, cervical cancer screening is, and always has been, free provided and the screening costs were administered by the NHS (Whynesa, Philips and Avis 2007). However, the Pap smear method doesnt test for cervical cancer; instead, it detects, (Bastos, et al. 2010) cell abnormalities which, if left untreated, can potentially lead to cancer. In order to perform the Pap smear method, the UK uses advanced laboratory quality assurance, training and performance standards of reporting (Canfel, Sitas and Beral 2006). Today, more that 3.5 million women in the UK are screened every year, the vast majority of which as a reply to the call-recall system (Whynesa, Philips and Avis 2007). Another significant proportion still is screened opportunistically. Nevertheless, it is surprising though that recent d ata demonstrate a profound increase in the incidence rates by 2.2% between 1992 and 2006 (Foley, et al. 2011) (Peto, et al. 2004). This increasing trend hints that HPV epidemic might be increased in the future. In addition to screening tests, the HPV vaccines were introduced in many countries globally including the UK. The rapid approval of such vaccines by the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) demonstrated that decision-makers in the UK were aware of what the outcome of such a prevention strategy would be and that the reduction in the incidence of the disease would be significant. Indeed, the national HPV immunization programme prevents from cervical cancer almost 400 deaths per year (Martin, et al. 2011). In 2007, a VENICE report was conducted which, even though provided recommendation in Austria and Germany it questioned the benefits of the vaccination over the benefits of screening (Raffle 2007). In the beginning of 2008 the Department of Health in UK announced the inclusion of the HPV vaccination in the national immunization programme (Bastos, et al. 2010). The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunization (JCVI) in collaboration with the Department of Health decided to vaccinate girl s aged 12-13 years old and additionally to promote vaccination of females only up to 18 years old because the vaccination of the female population older than 18 years would not consist of cost-effective (Bunn 2008). Male population isnt included in the immunization programme for economic reasons (Martin, et al. 2011). Scotland was the first of the four UK countries which introduced the HPV vaccination in September 2008 at the beginning of the school year for all 12-13 year old girls (Gasparini and Panato 2009). The power in the healthcare sector relies on the examinations (Perron, Fluet and Holmes 2005) so screening programmes could be considered the vehicle of disciplinary technology. Consequently, the organized screening programmes attract the Foucauldian approach because they are a particular version of the panoptic idea (Heyes 2006). The organized screening tests operate as the Panopticon building. This surveillance system aims to set the entire female population under a continual control and to ensure that it is subjected with respect to the requirements of the state; namely the bio-politics. Furthermore, Foucault suggests that discipline depends on the relationship between the body and its observing gaze rather than on the population. The perfect disciplinary apparatus would make it possible for a single gaze to see everything constantly, he notes (D. Armstrong 1983). Namely, discipline includes the strict monitoring. Diagnostic programmes, intending to promote health and prevent from a disease are the best examples to illustrate their relation with bio-politics. With the call and recall notification women are invited to arrange an appointment with their GP or their primary care

Frank Sinatra Essay -- Biography

Frank Sinatra was widely known from coast to coast. He was definitely one of the most popular stars of his era. (3) He, not only was a singer/ song writer, but as his career grew he shifted smoothly into acting and dancing. Ole Blue Eyes was an American icon who was capable of charming his way through each decade that rolled by. He had a sound that carried like no other. His soft voice could sweep women off their feet and right into his arms. Ole blue eyes had an extraordinary talent and sure did not waste it. It all started when Italian immigrants, Martin and Natalie Sinatra gave birth to a baby boy on December 12, 1915. On that night Francis Albert Sinatra was born not breathing. His grandmother decided to hold him under water. Thankful, he began to gasp for air. Even since the beginning Frank made his way through unfavorable odds. Martin, Sinatra’s father, was a firefighter for the city of Hoboken, New Jersey. Frank’s mother, Natalie or she was often referred to as Dolly, was an amateur singer; who often played at clubs and social events. (1) As Frank grew so did his love for music. His first real passion for music came when his uncle gave him a ukulele. On hot summer nights Sinatra would sit out on his front porch while playing and singing to family and friends. Frank never had to take singing lessons. His wonderful gift came from the Lord. Were they lived was a rough neighborhood so Frank had to be on his guard almost all the time. To protect himself, he decided to take up boxing. Later on he would become a competetent boxer. (1) Frank Attended Demarest High School. He was a generous, but pugnacious person. These characteristics would follow him throughout his entire life. He competed in all... ...e and alcohol abuse. Frank Sinatra’s career spanned for more than fifty years. He ventured from recordings, film television as well as countless performances in night clubs, concert halls, and sports arenas. (3) He was truly the first modern pop star. The audiences who grew up with him and his music were complemented by adoration from younger generations. They have all made Ole Blue Eyes one of the most outstanding popular singers of the 20th century. His smooth style transcends through all generations and can survive the cold hard fact of time. He was able to withstand the great shifts in the time eras. He was a creative and gifted man who charmed the world with his blue eyes and beautiful smile. No matter how you see him; the starry eyed boy next door, the bruised romantic, or the smooth cosmopolitan man he was and always will be Frank Sinatra.

Advantage and disadvantages of social networking Essay

Since the advent of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, there has been much debate on their benefits and detriments. While social networking sites are a useful tool in our increasingly connected world, they can also adversely affect our development and the nature of our social interactions. Hence, it is important to first identify their advantages and disadvantages to effectively use them. Social networking sites offer a medium for people to keep in touch with their acquaintances and maintain constant contact with their friends. This increased connectivity opens new paths for relationships to be built and bonds to be strengthened. In this way, social networking sites help to complement and enhance a person’s social experience. Sites such as Facebook and Tumblr allow people to find out more about their friends’ interests, as well as their personal lives, which can lead to more fruitful conversations and discussions, leading to better and stronger relationships. Read more: Essay on social media advantages and disadvantages Additionally, social networking sites help people to share their thoughts and feelings with one another. Twitter is an example where this sharing of thoughts is facilitated in an innovative way. Displaying trends allow people to find out about current events and keep up with the news. By linking Twitter to other social media like Facebook and Instagram, it opens more possibilities for sharing and learning. Moreover, social networking sites can help bolster productivity by acting as a medium for people to discuss freely and share ideas, especially when face-to-face meetings are difficult to organise. Online discussions also allow information to be processed easily, are generally more orderly, and can be stored safely. Social networking also provides opportunities for studies such as surveys to be conducted easily. Hence, social networking sites can be used as a tool to boost productivity. On the other hand, social networking sites deprive us of face-to-face interaction, which is detrimental to the development of social skills, especially for adolescents. By removing opportunities for direct social contact, our ability to interpret expressions and decipher tones decreases,  affecting future interactions with others as well as our relationships. Lack of face-to-face interaction can also affect our emotional health as we require the intimacy and affection of fellow human beings to achieve emotional stability. Use of social networking sites also results in more opportunities to fall prey to scams and other online threats. Certain sites can be utilized by hackers to introduce viruses in various ways, or by scammers to con unsuspecting victims. Social networking make victims feel safe as they believe themselves to be surrounded by friends, making it easier for them to fall prey to such threats. Furthermore, social networking has increased cases of cyber-bullying, especially prevalent among youths, which causes harm to victims and in extreme cases, can lead to depression and lead to suicide. The perpetrators of these acts can remain anonymous in an online setting and can continually harm and threaten victims, causing much distress. Evidently, such dangers cannot be taken lightly. In conclusion, social networking sites offer great benefits when effectively utilized, but as with all tools, it inherently possesses some risks and problems which must be mitigated. As social media continues to evolve, we can only hope it changes for the better and continues to enhance our social lives.

The Zika Virus Through Latin America And The Caribbean

The most recent outbreak of the Zika Virus through Latin America and the Caribbean, and its association with microcephaly in newborns has attracted significant attention from researchers and health specialists. In 2013 and 2015, large outbreaks of the virus were respectively reported in French Polynesia and Brazil. In 1947, The Zika virus was first identified in Uganda in Rhesus monkeys. It was then identified in humans in 1952 in some parts of Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania The virus, also known as ZIKV, is an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family, and is closely related to dengue, yellow fever and Chikungunya viruses (Al-Qahtani et al., 2016.); an arbovirus refers to a group of viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors (MedicineNet.com, 2016). The Zika disease is caused by the Zika virus that is primarily transmitted through a bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. Though the incubation period of Zika is not clear, it is estimated to be around 2-7 days after the bite of an i nfected Aedes mosquito (World Health Organization, 2016). Symptomatic signs of the disease are mild fever, skin rashes, malaise, conjunctivitis and muscle and joint pain (World Health Organization, 2016). Because the virus has mild symptoms and no associated fatalities, it goes undiagnosed in several cases. In newborns, however, the virus causes neurological and developmental conditions, including but not limited to Guillain-Barre syndrome and microcephaly. To fully understand the mechanisms ofShow MoreRelatedEmerging Health Threats : Zika Virus1311 Words   |  6 PagesEmerging Health Threats; Zika Virus The Zika virus has been around since the 1950s, it is spread by an infected Aeded species mosquito bite, and they bite both day and night. Zika is transmitted from a pregnant woman to her unborn baby and an infection during the pregnancy period may cause birth defects. 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